#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
MCP OAuth 2.1 Client Support

Implements the browser-based OAuth 2.1 authorization code flow with PKCE
for MCP servers that require OAuth authentication instead of static bearer
tokens.

Uses the MCP Python SDK's ``OAuthClientProvider`` (an ``httpx.Auth`` subclass)
which handles discovery, dynamic client registration, PKCE, token exchange,
refresh, and step-up authorization automatically.

This module provides the glue:
    - ``HermesTokenStorage``: persists tokens/client-info to disk so they
      survive across process restarts.
    - Callback server: ephemeral localhost HTTP server to capture the OAuth
      redirect with the authorization code.
    - ``build_oauth_auth()``: entry point called by ``mcp_tool.py`` that wires
      everything together and returns the ``httpx.Auth`` object.

Configuration in config.yaml::

    mcp_servers:
      my_server:
        url: "https://mcp.example.com/mcp"
        auth: oauth
        oauth:                                  # all fields optional
          client_id: "pre-registered-id"        # skip dynamic registration
          client_secret: "secret"               # confidential clients only
          scope: "read write"                   # default: server-provided
          redirect_port: 0                      # 0 = auto-pick free port
          client_name: "My Custom Client"       # default: "Hermes Agent"
"""

import asyncio
import json
import logging
import os
import re
import socket
import sys
import threading
import time
import webbrowser
from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any
from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlparse

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Lazy imports -- MCP SDK with OAuth support is optional
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

_OAUTH_AVAILABLE = False
try:
    from mcp.client.auth import OAuthClientProvider
    from mcp.shared.auth import (
        OAuthClientInformationFull,
        OAuthClientMetadata,
        OAuthToken,
    )
    from pydantic import AnyUrl

    _OAUTH_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
    logger.debug("MCP OAuth types not available -- OAuth MCP auth disabled")


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Exceptions
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


class OAuthNonInteractiveError(RuntimeError):
    """Raised when OAuth requires browser interaction in a non-interactive env."""


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Module-level state
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Port used by the most recent build_oauth_auth() call.  Exposed so that
# tests can verify the callback server and the redirect_uri share a port.
_oauth_port: int | None = None


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helpers
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


def _get_token_dir() -> Path:
    """Return the directory for MCP OAuth token files.

    Uses HERMES_HOME so each profile gets its own OAuth tokens.
    Layout: ``HERMES_HOME/mcp-tokens/``
    """
    try:
        from hermes_constants import get_hermes_home
        base = Path(get_hermes_home())
    except ImportError:
        base = Path(os.environ.get("HERMES_HOME", str(Path.home() / ".hermes")))
    return base / "mcp-tokens"


def _safe_filename(name: str) -> str:
    """Sanitize a server name for use as a filename (no path separators)."""
    return re.sub(r"[^\w\-]", "_", name).strip("_")[:128] or "default"


def _find_free_port() -> int:
    """Find an available TCP port on localhost."""
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
        s.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))
        return s.getsockname()[1]


def _is_interactive() -> bool:
    """Return True if we can reasonably expect to interact with a user."""
    try:
        return sys.stdin.isatty()
    except (AttributeError, ValueError):
        return False


def _can_open_browser() -> bool:
    """Return True if opening a browser is likely to work."""
    # Explicit SSH session → no local display
    if os.environ.get("SSH_CLIENT") or os.environ.get("SSH_TTY"):
        return False
    # macOS and Windows usually have a display
    if os.name == "nt":
        return True
    try:
        if os.uname().sysname == "Darwin":
            return True
    except AttributeError:
        pass
    # Linux/other posix: need DISPLAY or WAYLAND_DISPLAY
    if os.environ.get("DISPLAY") or os.environ.get("WAYLAND_DISPLAY"):
        return True
    return False


def _read_json(path: Path) -> dict | None:
    """Read a JSON file, returning None if it doesn't exist or is invalid."""
    if not path.exists():
        return None
    try:
        return json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
    except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError) as exc:
        logger.warning("Failed to read %s: %s", path, exc)
        return None


def _write_json(path: Path, data: dict) -> None:
    """Write a dict as JSON with restricted permissions (0o600)."""
    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    tmp = path.with_suffix(".tmp")
    try:
        tmp.write_text(json.dumps(data, indent=2, default=str), encoding="utf-8")
        os.chmod(tmp, 0o600)
        tmp.rename(path)
    except OSError:
        tmp.unlink(missing_ok=True)
        raise


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# HermesTokenStorage -- persistent token/client-info on disk
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


class HermesTokenStorage:
    """Persist OAuth tokens and client registration to JSON files.

    File layout::

        HERMES_HOME/mcp-tokens/<server_name>.json         -- tokens
        HERMES_HOME/mcp-tokens/<server_name>.client.json   -- client info
    """

    def __init__(self, server_name: str):
        self._server_name = _safe_filename(server_name)

    def _tokens_path(self) -> Path:
        return _get_token_dir() / f"{self._server_name}.json"

    def _client_info_path(self) -> Path:
        return _get_token_dir() / f"{self._server_name}.client.json"

    # -- tokens ------------------------------------------------------------

    async def get_tokens(self) -> "OAuthToken | None":
        data = _read_json(self._tokens_path())
        if data is None:
            return None
        # Hermes records an absolute wall-clock ``expires_at`` alongside the
        # SDK's serialized token (see ``set_tokens``). On read we rewrite
        # ``expires_in`` to the remaining seconds so the SDK's downstream
        # ``update_token_expiry`` computes the correct absolute time and
        # ``is_token_valid()`` correctly reports False for tokens that
        # expired while the process was down.
        #
        # Legacy token files (pre-Fix-A) have ``expires_in`` but no
        # ``expires_at``. We fall back to the file's mtime as a best-effort
        # wall-clock proxy for when the token was written: if (mtime +
        # expires_in) is in the past, clamp ``expires_in`` to zero so the
        # SDK refreshes before the first request. This self-heals one-time
        # on the next successful ``set_tokens``, which writes the new
        # ``expires_at`` field. The stored ``expires_at`` is stripped before
        # model_validate because it's not part of the SDK's OAuthToken schema.
        absolute_expiry = data.pop("expires_at", None)
        if absolute_expiry is not None:
            data["expires_in"] = int(max(absolute_expiry - time.time(), 0))
        elif data.get("expires_in") is not None:
            try:
                file_mtime = self._tokens_path().stat().st_mtime
            except OSError:
                file_mtime = None
            if file_mtime is not None:
                try:
                    implied_expiry = file_mtime + int(data["expires_in"])
                    data["expires_in"] = int(max(implied_expiry - time.time(), 0))
                except (TypeError, ValueError):
                    pass
        try:
            return OAuthToken.model_validate(data)
        except (ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
            logger.warning("Corrupt tokens at %s -- ignoring: %s", self._tokens_path(), exc)
            return None

    async def set_tokens(self, tokens: "OAuthToken") -> None:
        payload = tokens.model_dump(mode="json", exclude_none=True)
        # Persist an absolute ``expires_at`` so a process restart can
        # reconstruct the correct remaining TTL. Without this the MCP SDK's
        # ``_initialize`` reloads a relative ``expires_in`` which has no
        # wall-clock reference, leaving ``context.token_expiry_time=None``
        # and ``is_token_valid()`` falsely reporting True. See Fix A in
        # ``mcp-oauth-token-diagnosis`` skill + Claude Code's
        # ``OAuthTokens.expiresAt`` persistence (auth.ts ~180).
        expires_in = payload.get("expires_in")
        if expires_in is not None:
            try:
                payload["expires_at"] = time.time() + int(expires_in)
            except (TypeError, ValueError):
                # Mock tokens or unusual shapes: skip the expires_at write
                # rather than fail persistence.
                pass
        _write_json(self._tokens_path(), payload)
        logger.debug("OAuth tokens saved for %s", self._server_name)

    # -- client info -------------------------------------------------------

    async def get_client_info(self) -> "OAuthClientInformationFull | None":
        data = _read_json(self._client_info_path())
        if data is None:
            return None
        try:
            return OAuthClientInformationFull.model_validate(data)
        except (ValueError, TypeError, KeyError) as exc:
            logger.warning("Corrupt client info at %s -- ignoring: %s", self._client_info_path(), exc)
            return None

    async def set_client_info(self, client_info: "OAuthClientInformationFull") -> None:
        _write_json(self._client_info_path(), client_info.model_dump(mode="json", exclude_none=True))
        logger.debug("OAuth client info saved for %s", self._server_name)

    # -- cleanup -----------------------------------------------------------

    def remove(self) -> None:
        """Delete all stored OAuth state for this server."""
        for p in (self._tokens_path(), self._client_info_path()):
            p.unlink(missing_ok=True)

    def has_cached_tokens(self) -> bool:
        """Return True if we have tokens on disk (may be expired)."""
        return self._tokens_path().exists()


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Callback handler factory -- each invocation gets its own result dict
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


def _make_callback_handler() -> tuple[type, dict]:
    """Create a per-flow callback HTTP handler class with its own result dict.

    Returns ``(HandlerClass, result_dict)`` where *result_dict* is a mutable
    dict that the handler writes ``auth_code`` and ``state`` into when the
    OAuth redirect arrives.  Each call returns a fresh pair so concurrent
    flows don't stomp on each other.
    """
    result: dict[str, Any] = {"auth_code": None, "state": None, "error": None}

    class _Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
        def do_GET(self) -> None:  # noqa: N802
            params = parse_qs(urlparse(self.path).query)
            code = params.get("code", [None])[0]
            state = params.get("state", [None])[0]
            error = params.get("error", [None])[0]

            result["auth_code"] = code
            result["state"] = state
            result["error"] = error

            body = (
                "<html><body><h2>Authorization Successful</h2>"
                "<p>You can close this tab and return to Hermes.</p></body></html>"
            ) if code else (
                "<html><body><h2>Authorization Failed</h2>"
                f"<p>Error: {error or 'unknown'}</p></body></html>"
            )
            self.send_response(200)
            self.send_header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
            self.end_headers()
            self.wfile.write(body.encode())

        def log_message(self, fmt: str, *args: Any) -> None:
            logger.debug("OAuth callback: %s", fmt % args)

    return _Handler, result


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Async redirect + callback handlers for OAuthClientProvider
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


async def _redirect_handler(authorization_url: str) -> None:
    """Show the authorization URL to the user.

    Opens the browser automatically when possible; always prints the URL
    as a fallback for headless/SSH/gateway environments.
    """
    msg = (
        f"\n  MCP OAuth: authorization required.\n"
        f"  Open this URL in your browser:\n\n"
        f"    {authorization_url}\n"
    )
    print(msg, file=sys.stderr)

    if _can_open_browser():
        try:
            opened = webbrowser.open(authorization_url)
            if opened:
                print("  (Browser opened automatically.)\n", file=sys.stderr)
            else:
                print("  (Could not open browser — please open the URL manually.)\n", file=sys.stderr)
        except Exception:
            print("  (Could not open browser — please open the URL manually.)\n", file=sys.stderr)
    else:
        print("  (Headless environment detected — open the URL manually.)\n", file=sys.stderr)


async def _wait_for_callback() -> tuple[str, str | None]:
    """Wait for the OAuth callback to arrive on the local callback server.

    Uses the module-level ``_oauth_port`` which is set by ``build_oauth_auth``
    before this is ever called.  Polls for the result without blocking the
    event loop.

    Raises:
        OAuthNonInteractiveError: If the callback times out (no user present
            to complete the browser auth).
        RuntimeError: If ``_oauth_port`` has not been set, which would indicate
            that ``build_oauth_auth`` was skipped — the asserting form below
            was a silent bug when running Python with ``-O``/``-OO``.
    """
    if _oauth_port is None:
        raise RuntimeError(
            "OAuth callback port not set — build_oauth_auth must be called "
            "before _wait_for_oauth_callback"
        )

    # The callback server is already running (started in build_oauth_auth).
    # We just need to poll for the result.
    handler_cls, result = _make_callback_handler()

    # Start a temporary server on the known port
    try:
        server = HTTPServer(("127.0.0.1", _oauth_port), handler_cls)
    except OSError:
        # Port already in use — the server from build_oauth_auth is running.
        # Fall back to polling the server started by build_oauth_auth.
        raise OAuthNonInteractiveError(
            "OAuth callback timed out — could not bind callback port. "
            "Complete the authorization in a browser first, then retry."
        )

    server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.handle_request, daemon=True)
    server_thread.start()

    timeout = 300.0
    poll_interval = 0.5
    elapsed = 0.0
    try:
        while elapsed < timeout:
            if result["auth_code"] is not None or result["error"] is not None:
                break
            await asyncio.sleep(poll_interval)
            elapsed += poll_interval
    finally:
        server.server_close()

    if result["error"]:
        raise RuntimeError(f"OAuth authorization failed: {result['error']}")
    if result["auth_code"] is None:
        raise OAuthNonInteractiveError(
            "OAuth callback timed out — no authorization code received. "
            "Ensure you completed the browser authorization flow."
        )

    return result["auth_code"], result["state"]


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Public API
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


def remove_oauth_tokens(server_name: str) -> None:
    """Delete stored OAuth tokens and client info for a server."""
    storage = HermesTokenStorage(server_name)
    storage.remove()
    logger.info("OAuth tokens removed for '%s'", server_name)


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Extracted helpers (Task 3 of MCP OAuth consolidation)
#
# These compose into ``build_oauth_auth`` below, and are also used by
# ``tools.mcp_oauth_manager.MCPOAuthManager._build_provider`` so the two
# construction paths share one implementation.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


def _configure_callback_port(cfg: dict) -> int:
    """Pick or validate the OAuth callback port.

    Stores the resolved port into ``cfg['_resolved_port']`` so sibling
    helpers (and the manager) can read it from the same dict. Returns the
    resolved port.

    NOTE: also sets the legacy module-level ``_oauth_port`` so existing
    calls to ``_wait_for_callback`` keep working. The legacy global is
    the root cause of issue #5344 (port collision on concurrent OAuth
    flows); replacing it with a ContextVar is out of scope for this
    consolidation PR.
    """
    global _oauth_port
    requested = int(cfg.get("redirect_port", 0))
    port = _find_free_port() if requested == 0 else requested
    cfg["_resolved_port"] = port
    _oauth_port = port  # legacy consumer: _wait_for_callback reads this
    return port


def _build_client_metadata(cfg: dict) -> "OAuthClientMetadata":
    """Build OAuthClientMetadata from the oauth config dict.

    Requires ``cfg['_resolved_port']`` to have been populated by
    :func:`_configure_callback_port` first.
    """
    port = cfg.get("_resolved_port")
    if port is None:
        raise ValueError(
            "_configure_callback_port() must be called before _build_client_metadata()"
        )
    client_name = cfg.get("client_name", "Hermes Agent")
    scope = cfg.get("scope")
    redirect_uri = f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/callback"

    metadata_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {
        "client_name": client_name,
        "redirect_uris": [AnyUrl(redirect_uri)],
        "grant_types": ["authorization_code", "refresh_token"],
        "response_types": ["code"],
        "token_endpoint_auth_method": "none",
    }
    if scope:
        metadata_kwargs["scope"] = scope
    if cfg.get("client_secret"):
        metadata_kwargs["token_endpoint_auth_method"] = "client_secret_post"

    return OAuthClientMetadata.model_validate(metadata_kwargs)


def _maybe_preregister_client(
    storage: "HermesTokenStorage",
    cfg: dict,
    client_metadata: "OAuthClientMetadata",
) -> None:
    """If cfg has a pre-registered client_id, persist it to storage."""
    client_id = cfg.get("client_id")
    if not client_id:
        return
    port = cfg["_resolved_port"]
    redirect_uri = f"http://127.0.0.1:{port}/callback"

    info_dict: dict[str, Any] = {
        "client_id": client_id,
        "redirect_uris": [redirect_uri],
        "grant_types": client_metadata.grant_types,
        "response_types": client_metadata.response_types,
        "token_endpoint_auth_method": client_metadata.token_endpoint_auth_method,
    }
    if cfg.get("client_secret"):
        info_dict["client_secret"] = cfg["client_secret"]
    if cfg.get("client_name"):
        info_dict["client_name"] = cfg["client_name"]
    if cfg.get("scope"):
        info_dict["scope"] = cfg["scope"]

    client_info = OAuthClientInformationFull.model_validate(info_dict)
    _write_json(storage._client_info_path(), client_info.model_dump(mode="json", exclude_none=True))
    logger.debug("Pre-registered client_id=%s for '%s'", client_id, storage._server_name)


def build_oauth_auth(
    server_name: str,
    server_url: str,
    oauth_config: dict | None = None,
) -> "OAuthClientProvider | None":
    """Build an ``httpx.Auth``-compatible OAuth handler for an MCP server.

    Public API preserved for backwards compatibility. New code should use
    :func:`tools.mcp_oauth_manager.get_manager` so OAuth state is shared
    across config-time, runtime, and reconnect paths.

    Args:
        server_name: Server key in mcp_servers config (used for storage).
        server_url: MCP server endpoint URL.
        oauth_config: Optional dict from the ``oauth:`` block in config.yaml.

    Returns:
        An ``OAuthClientProvider`` instance, or None if the MCP SDK lacks
        OAuth support.
    """
    if not _OAUTH_AVAILABLE:
        logger.warning(
            "MCP OAuth requested for '%s' but SDK auth types are not available. "
            "Install with: pip install 'mcp>=1.26.0'",
            server_name,
        )
        return None

    cfg = dict(oauth_config or {})  # copy — we mutate _resolved_port
    storage = HermesTokenStorage(server_name)

    if not _is_interactive() and not storage.has_cached_tokens():
        logger.warning(
            "MCP OAuth for '%s': non-interactive environment and no cached tokens "
            "found. The OAuth flow requires browser authorization. Run "
            "interactively first to complete the initial authorization, then "
            "cached tokens will be reused.",
            server_name,
        )

    _configure_callback_port(cfg)
    client_metadata = _build_client_metadata(cfg)
    _maybe_preregister_client(storage, cfg, client_metadata)

    return OAuthClientProvider(
        server_url=server_url,
        client_metadata=client_metadata,
        storage=storage,
        redirect_handler=_redirect_handler,
        callback_handler=_wait_for_callback,
        timeout=float(cfg.get("timeout", 300)),
    )